Ruy Lopez Opening (Spanish Opening Chess): Variations, Strategies & Best Defenses

The Ruy Lopez Opening, also popular as the Spanish Opening Chess, is one of the oldest and most celebrated chess openings in history. This opening starts with the moves 1.e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, where White’s bishop immediately applies pressure on Black’s knight to indirectly target the e5 pawn.

The Ruy Lopez Chess Opening was actually first analyzed in the 16th century by Spanish priest Ruy Lopez de Segura, and it has since become a foundation of chess strategy. From beginners learning solid development to world champions preparing deep novelties, the Ruy Lopez Opening continues to dominate as a timeless, flexible, and powerful choice.